India’s fast-growing gig economy is now taking a big step towards legal protection.
For the first time, app-based workers such as delivery partners and cab drivers may soon receive social security benefits backed by law.
The government has released draft rules under the new Social Security Code.
These rules aim to bring millions of gig workers into a formal system and offer them basic financial and social protection.
New Rules for Gig Workers Explained
Under the proposed rules, eligibility for benefits depends on how many days a worker is active in a year.
If a worker is linked to just one platform, they must work at least 90 days in a year.
For those working on multiple platforms, the requirement increases to 120 days.
The government has made this easier by counting work done for different companies on the same day as separate days.
This helps workers reach the required limit faster.
Mandatory Registration and Digital Identity
To keep the system transparent, registration has been made compulsory.
Every gig worker above 16 years of age must register, and the registration will be linked to Aadhaar.
All details will be stored on the e-Shram portal.
Like salaried employees who get a PF number, gig workers will also receive a unique identification number.
They will be issued a digital identity card, which will serve as proof of eligibility across the country.
Companies Responsible for Worker Details
The responsibility of updating worker information will rest with the companies, also called aggregators.
This includes workers hired directly as well as those working through third-party agencies.
The aim is to ensure that no eligible worker is left out and that records remain accurate and up to date.
Benefits Gig Workers May Receive
The draft rules propose benefits that were earlier available mostly to government and large private-sector employees.
Gig workers may get free or subsidized health and life insurance.
They will also be covered under personal accident insurance for work-related incidents.
The government is working to link gig workers with the Ayushman Bharat scheme, which provides free medical treatment up to ₹5 lakh.
In the future, a pension scheme may also be introduced.
Both the worker and the company could contribute, helping workers secure income after retirement.
Who Is Eligible for These Benefits
There are certain conditions to keep receiving these benefits.
Once a gig worker turns 60, they will no longer be eligible under this scheme.
The focus is mainly on active working-age individuals.
Workers must also complete the minimum required days every year. If they fail to meet this limit in a financial year, they may lose access to the benefits in the following year.
National Board to Monitor the System
To manage and oversee the new framework, the government plans to set up a National Social Security Board.
This board will track the number of gig workers in the country and create welfare policies based on changing economic needs.
The board will include representatives from the government, labour groups, and companies.
This structure is designed to balance the interests of workers and platforms, ensuring fair and effective implementation.
